SESSION TITLE: Rare Pulmonary and Cardiac InfectionsSESSION TYPE: Rapid Fire Case ReportsPRESENTED ON: 10/18/2022 01:35 pm - 02:35 pmINTRODUCTION: Salmonellosis is an infectious disease caused by Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS). Rarely the infection extends from the gastrointestinal tract to blood to cause localized and extra-intestinal manifestations, of which community-acquired bacterial pneumonia is a rare presentation [1]. Here we describe a case of NTS pneumonia in an uncontrolled diabetic patient.CASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old female with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus and multiple readmits for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) presented with nausea, abdominal pain, shortness of breath and confusion to the emergency department. At admission, her blood glucose was 980 mg/dL and pH 6.98. Recent hemoglobin A1C was 11.9%.She was admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) and started on DKA protocol. Shortly after arrival to the MICU, she was intubated for respiratory failure and airway protection. Initial ventilator settings revealed an inspired fraction of oxygen of 55% and a positive end-expiratory pressure of 8 cms of H2O. Initially, the patient was treated for DKA and respiratory failure, and no antibiotics were administered. The next day patient developed septic shock with elevated inflammatory markers necessitating vasopressor support. Computed tomography of her chest, abdomen, and pelvis with contrast revealed multifocal pneumonia (Figure1) with no pulmonary embolism and enterocolitis. The patient was initiated on broad-spectrum antibiotics, and blood cultures, quantitative tracheal lavage cultures, and stool panel were obtained, which returned positive for Salmonella within 24 hours. After initiating antibiotics and correcting the patient's DKA, she rapidly improved and was extubated two days later. She completed 12 days of antimicrobial therapy with levofloxacin and was discharged home.DISCUSSION: NTS causes self-limited acute gastroenteritis called salmonellosis from consumption of contaminated food and water, and in 8% of patients, it results in bacteremia [2]. Among bacteremic patients, exceedingly very few develop community-acquired bacterial pneumonia with very high mortality of 25% -60% [2]. Susceptible patients include patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic liver or renal disease, sickle cell disease, malignancy, stem cell transplant, human immunodeficiency virus infection, corticosteroid, or biologic therapy [2]. Diabetes predisposes to infection by reducing gastric acidity and decreasing gastric motility [3]. NTS pneumonia should be considered in differential in the immunocompromised and those presenting with NTS bacteremia [2]. In this case, NTS was identified as Salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae. This case re-enforces evaluation for the underlying cause of DKA in patients, regardless of non-compliance and recurrent admissions history.CONCLUSIONS: NTS pneumonia should be suspected in salmonellosis with bacteremia, and the cause of DKA needs always to be investigated.Reference #1: Bastin, ML Thompson, et al. "An unusual case of Salmonella Enteritidis causing pneumonia, septic shock and multiple organ failure in an immunocompetent patient.” IDCases 6 (2016): 85-89.Reference #2: Pegues, David A., Miller Samuel I. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Salmonella Species (9th ed.), Elsevier, Philadelphia (2020).223 p: 2725-2736.e3Reference #3: Knight JC, Knight M, Smith MJ. Two cases of pulmonary complications associated with a recently recognised Salmonella enteritidis phage type, 21b, affecting immunocompetent adults. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis.2000;19(9):725-726. doi:10.1007/s100960000351DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Ethan KarleNo relevant relationships by SACHIN PATILNo relevant relationships by Shelby SchuhNo relevant relationships by ahmad ziadeh SESSION TITLE: Rare Pulmonary and Cardiac Infections SESSION TYPE: Rapid Fire Case Reports PRESENTED ON: 10/18/2022 01:35 pm - 02:35 pm INTRODUCTION: Salmonellosis is an infectious disease caused by Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS). Rarely the infection extends from the gastrointestinal tract to blood to cause localized and extra-intestinal manifestations, of which community-acquired bacterial pneumonia is a rare presentation [1]. Here we describe a case of NTS pneumonia in an uncontrolled diabetic patient. CASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old female with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus and multiple readmits for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) presented with nausea, abdominal pain, shortness of breath and confusion to the emergency department. At admission, her blood glucose was 980 mg/dL and pH 6.98. Recent hemoglobin A1C was 11.9%.She was admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) and started on DKA protocol. Shortly after arrival to the MICU, she was intubated for respiratory failure and airway protection. Initial ventilator settings revealed an inspired fraction of oxygen of 55% and a positive end-expiratory pressure of 8 cms of H2O. Initially, the patient was treated for DKA and respiratory failure, and no antibiotics were administered. The next day patient developed septic shock with elevated inflammatory markers necessitating vasopressor support. Computed tomography of her chest, abdomen, and pelvis with contrast revealed multifocal pneumonia (Figure1) with no pulmonary embolism and enterocolitis. The patient was initiated on broad-spectrum antibiotics, and blood cultures, quantitative tracheal lavage cultures, and stool panel were obtained, which returned positive for Salmonella within 24 hours. After initiating antibiotics and correcting the patient's DKA, she rapidly improved and was extubated two days later. She completed 12 days of antimicrobial therapy with levofloxacin and was discharged home. DISCUSSION: NTS causes self-limited acute gastroenteritis called salmonellosis from consumption of contaminated food and water, and in 8% of patients, it results in bacteremia [2]. Among bacteremic patients, exceedingly very few develop community-acquired bacterial pneumonia with very high mortality of 25% -60% [2]. Susceptible patients include patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic liver or renal disease, sickle cell disease, malignancy, stem cell transplant, human immunodeficiency virus infection, corticosteroid, or biologic therapy [2]. Diabetes predisposes to infection by reducing gastric acidity and decreasing gastric motility [3]. NTS pneumonia should be considered in differential in the immunocompromised and those presenting with NTS bacteremia [2]. In this case, NTS was identified as Salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae. This case re-enforces evaluation for the underlying cause of DKA in patients, regardless of non-compliance and recurrent admissions history. CONCLUSIONS: NTS pneumonia should be suspected in salmonellosis with bacteremia, and the cause of DKA needs always to be investigated. Reference #1: Bastin, ML Thompson, et al. "An unusual case of Salmonella Enteritidis causing pneumonia, septic shock and multiple organ failure in an immunocompetent patient.” IDCases 6 (2016): 85-89. Reference #2: Pegues, David A., Miller Samuel I. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Salmonella Species (9th ed.), Elsevier, Philadelphia (2020).223 p: 2725-2736.e3 Reference #3: Knight JC, Knight M, Smith MJ. Two cases of pulmonary complications associated with a recently recognised Salmonella enteritidis phage type, 21b, affecting immunocompetent adults. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis.2000;19(9):725-726. doi:10.1007/s100960000351 DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Ethan Karle No relevant relationships by SACHIN PATIL No relevant relationships by Shelby Schuh No relevant relationships by ahmad ziadeh